| Repair | Fix the leak points: seams, flashings, drains, penetrations, fasteners. | Leaks come from a few spots, the membrane is sound across most of the roof, the insulation is dry. | Small areas are opened, patched or replaced. The rest of the roof is left alone. | Lowest. Usually a short visit. | A good time to ask how many years the rest of the roof has left. |
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| Restoration | Clean the whole roof, repair every defect, then apply a fluid-applied coating over the entire surface. | The membrane or metal is worn and weathered but still serviceable, and the insulation under it is dry. | No tear-off. The existing roof stays as the base, and the coating becomes its new top layer. | Lower than replacement. No open deck, no tear-off debris chute. | Coating systems can usually be recoated later as they wear, per the coating makers' association. |
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| Replacement | Tear off down to the deck (or as far as needed), replace wet insulation and damaged deck, install a new roof system. | Wet insulation across large areas, broad membrane or seam failure, deck damage, or a roof that has already been coated and failed. | New insulation and a new membrane or metal roof, built to today's details. | Highest. Tear-off, disposal and more days on the roof. | A new system comes with its own manufacturer warranty terms. |
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